Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults, but many people don’t realize that AMD encompasses different types, including wet AMD and geographic atrophy (GA). While both are forms of advanced AMD, they are distinct conditions with different causes, symptoms, and treatments. Understanding these differences and the importance of regular eye exams can help you take proactive steps to protect your vision.

What Is Geographic Atrophy (GA)?

Geographic atrophy is an advanced form of dry AMD. It is characterized by the gradual degeneration of the retina, particularly the macula, which is responsible for sharp central vision. Over time, this condition leads to the loss of retinal cells and light-sensitive tissue, resulting in blind spots and difficulty with detailed tasks like reading or recognizing faces.

What Is Wet AMD?

Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina. These blood vessels are fragile and prone to leaking, causing swelling and damage to the macula. Wet AMD progresses rapidly and can lead to significant vision loss if not treated promptly.

Key Differences Between GA and Wet AMD

Geographic Atrophy (GA) and Wet AMD are advanced forms of age-related macular degeneration, but they differ significantly in causes and progression. GA results from the gradual degeneration of retinal cells, leading to blind spots and difficulty with detailed tasks like reading. It progresses slowly over time. In contrast, wet AMD is caused by abnormal blood vessels growing beneath the retina that leak fluid, causing rapid and severe vision loss if untreated.

Symptoms also vary: GA develops gradually, with blind spots and challenges in low light, while wet AMD often causes sudden vision changes, like distortion and central vision loss. Treatment options differ as well—GA management focuses on slowing progression, while wet AMD can be treated effectively with anti-VEGF injections to reduce abnormal blood vessel growth. These differences emphasize the importance of proper diagnosis and timely care.

The Importance of Regular Eye Exams

Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and management of AMD. Here’s why they matter:
 

• Early Diagnosis: AMD often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Routine exams allow your optometrist to detect subtle changes in your retina before significant vision loss occurs.
   

• Monitoring Progression: If you’ve been diagnosed with AMD, frequent eye exams can help monitor the progression of the disease and determine the best course of action to preserve your vision.
   

• Access to New Treatments: Advancements in eye care are ongoing, with promising treatments being developed for both GA and wet AMD. Staying under the care of an eye doctor ensures you’re informed about and eligible for the latest therapies.
   

• Overall Eye Health: Regular check-ups can also detect other eye conditions, such as glaucoma or cataracts, which are more common in people with AMD.

Proactive Eye Care at Optical Masters

We prioritize your eye health by offering comprehensive eye exams tailored to your needs. Whether you’re concerned about AMD, geographic atrophy, or overall vision health, our experienced optometrists use advanced diagnostic tools to evaluate your retina and macula.

Early detection and proactive care are the best defenses against vision loss caused by AMD and other eye conditions. Schedule your next eye exam with Optical Masters today. Visit our locations in Denver, Colorado, or call (720) 807-7300 or (720) 807-7600 to book an appointment.